The volume of distribution of acetylcysteine rangs from 0.33 to 0.47 L/kg. In patients with various respiratory or cardiac diseases, the maximum plasma concentration is obtained between two and three hours after administration and the levels remained high over a period of 24 hours.Īcetylcysteine is distributed both in the non-metabolized (20%) and the metabolized (active)(80%) form, and can mainly be found in the liver, kidneys, lungs, and bronchial secretions. No differences were reported for the various pharmaceutical forms. Because of the gut wall metabolism and first pass effect, the bioavailability of acetylcysteine taken orally is very low (approximately 10%). In humans, acetylcysteine is completely absorbed after oral administration. It represents the most important protective endocellular mechanism against oxidant radicals, either of external or internal nature, as well as toward numerous cytotoxic substances.Īcetylcysteine plays a role of primary importance in the maintenance of adequate GSH levels contributing to the cellular protection from harmful agents which, through progressive GSH depletion, would be able to express their cytotoxic action as in the case of paractemol poisoning.ĭue to this mechanism of action, acetylcysteine is also indicated as a specific antidote in paracetamol poisoning and in the course of treatment of cyclophosphamaide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, in the latter case, it provides the –SH groups necessary to inactivate acrolein, a toxic metabolite that affects the urinary mucosae, whist not interfering with chemotherapy. GSH is a highly reactive tripeptide found ubiquitously in the various tissues of animal and is essential for the maintenance of functional capacity as well as cellular morphological integrity. Inside the cell, acetylcysteine is deacetylated to L-cysteine, an amino acid indispensable for the glutathione synthesis (GSH). In addition, due to its molecular structure, acetylcysteine can easily cross the cellular membranes. These features make ACETYLCYSTEINE (FLUIMUCIL) particularly suitable for the treatment of acute and chronic affections of the respiratory system, characterized by thick, viscous mucous and mucopurulent secretions. Of particular interest is the recent finding that acetylcysteine protects α1-antitrypsin enzyme inhibiting elastase from the inactivation by hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a powerful oxidant agent produced by the myeloperoxidase enzyme of activated phagocytes. Acetylcysteine (Fluimucil) 600 mg is a white tablet characteristic lemon, slightly sulphureous odour.Īcetylcysteine, active ingredient of FLUIMUCIL, exerts an intensive mucolytic-fluidifying action on mucous and mucopurulent secretions by depolymerizing the mucoproteic complexes and the nucleic acids which confer viscosity to the vitreous and purulent component of the sputum and other secretions.įurthermore, acetylcysteine exerts a direct antioxidant action, having a free thiol (-SH) nucleophilic group which is able to interact directly with the electrophilic group of the oxidant radicals.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |